surgery (6)
General Surgery articles covering presentation, surgical treatment, prognosis, and follow-up.
While the first documented case of a robot-assisted surgical operation took place in 1985, the innovative da Vinci robotic surgical system was first approved for use in surgical procedures in 2000. The system has since been implemented in thousands of hospitalsTetanus
Tetanus is a condition of toxaemia due to absorption of soluble toxin from the wound contaminated with clostridium tetani. The word tetanus comes from the Greek, tetanos, which is derived from the word teinein meaning stretch.
Varicose Veins
The single most common cause of vein disease is heredity. Approximately 70% of all patients with varicose veins have a parent with the same condition. Additional factors leading to varicose veins include gender, pregnancy, and age. Other factors may speed up the development of this disease and make the veins worse, such as prolonged standing, obesity, hormone levels, and physical trauma.
Raynaud's Disease
Named after a French physician Maurice Raynaud (1834–1881), the phenomenon is believed to be the result of vasospasms that decrease blood supply to the fingers, toes, and occasionally other areas/regions. The process is localized mainly in the upper limbs; lesion is usually bilateral and symmetrical.
Visual acuity, refraction, accomodation and correction of anomalies
The eye is connected to the visual cortex by the optic nerve coming out of the back of the eye. The visual cortex is the part of the cerebral cortex in the posterior part of the brainoccipital lobe). 
Precancerous diseases of the vulva, vagina, cervix
Precancerous diseases are conditions that tend to become malignant but do not necessarily do so (conditions with a malignant predisposition).Epithelial precancers may be